Cardiac-Vascular Nursing (CVRN) Practice Exam

What is the main goal of heparin therapy in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?

1. Prevent extension of the thrombus in the coronary artery

2. Inhibit platelet activation

3. Avoid monitoring coagulation levels

4. Raise the threshold for development of ventricular fibrillation

The correct answer is: Prevent extension of the thrombus in the coronary artery

The main goal of heparin therapy in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is to prevent the extension of the thrombus in the coronary artery. During an AMI, a thrombus can form due to a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to a blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle. Heparin, an anticoagulant, works by inhibiting various factors in the coagulation cascade, which helps to prevent the existing clot from growing larger and causing further obstruction of blood flow. This is crucial for minimizing heart tissue damage and improving outcomes for the patient. While the other options involve aspects related to the management of AMI, they do not represent the primary purpose of heparin therapy. Inhibiting platelet activation is also an important goal, as antiplatelet agents may be used in conjunction with heparin, but it is not the primary action of heparin itself. Monitoring coagulation levels is typically required when on anticoagulation therapy to ensure appropriate dosing but is not a therapeutic goal. Raising the threshold for development of ventricular fibrillation pertains more to management strategies focused on electrical stability rather than the anticoagulation efforts provided by heparin. Thus, preventing the thrombus from