Cardiac-Vascular Nursing (CVRN) Practice Exam

Which medication should a nurse assess a patient with heart failure's understanding of?

1. Prophylactic antibiotics

2. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

3. Calcium channel blockers

4. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories

The correct answer is: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

In the context of heart failure management, it is crucial for patients to have a clear understanding of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. These medications play a significant role in treating heart failure by improving hemodynamics, reducing hospitalizations, and prolonging survival. ACE inhibitors work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and reduced workload on the heart. Understanding how to take these medications, such as adherence to dosages and awareness of potential side effects like cough, hypotension, and hyperkalemia, is essential. This knowledge empowers patients to manage their condition effectively and recognize when to seek medical help. In contrast, prophylactic antibiotics are primarily used to prevent infections, and while important, they are less of a focus for patient education specifically related to heart failure. Calcium channel blockers serve various functions in cardiovascular medicine but are not first-line treatments for heart failure and require a different understanding regarding their use. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories can exacerbate heart failure due to potential fluid retention and renal effects, making familiarization with their risks equally important but not as central as the understanding required for ACE inhibitors in heart failure management.